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KMID : 0665420210360010092
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Korean Journal of Food Culture
2021 Volume.36 No. 1 p.92 ~ p.102
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Nutrient Intake Status of the Elderly in Metropolitan, Middle & Small Cities, and Rural Areas according to Income Level within the Same Region: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018)
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Kim Sang-Yeon
Hong Hye-Sook
Lee Hae-Jeung
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Abstract
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There is little information on the nutrient intake according to the city size and small town in Korean elderly. This studyanalyzed the nutritional consumption of older people in metropolitan, middle and small cities, and rural areas according tofour income levels. The recent data from the 2016~2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention were used. The final analysis included 4,325 individuals (Male: 1,856, Female: 2,469) over 65 yearsold. Multivariable regression with a complex sample design was conducted to compare the nutrient intake among thegroups. In a comparison within regions, the nutrition status of the elderly in small towns was more vulnerable thanmetropolitan and middle & small cities. The energy intakes were similar between the groups. The carbohydrate intake ofmiddle & small cities was significantly higher than the other regions. The intake of other nutrients in metropolitan and middle& small cities appeared to be higher than in rural areas. The number of nutrients with statistical significance between lowand high-income levels were 19 in metropolitan, 11 in middle & small cities, and 5 in rural areas. Each contribution ofcarbohydrate, fat, and protein to the total energy intake was lower in the low-income level than the high-income level inmetropolitan and middle & small cities. On the other hand, in rural areas, only the contribution of protein to energy intakewas lower in the low-income level than the high-income level. Cities with higher levels of urbanization had more severenutritional inequality in relation to the income level. There was also nutritional inequality present in rural areas but it was toa lesser extent. Moreover, the generally low level of nutrient intake was problematic in rural areas. These findings could beused as fundamental evidence for developing community nutritional policies for the elderly.
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KEYWORD
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Korea national health and nutrition survey, elderly, income, region
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